MIDDLE-EARTH TIMELINE
The Individuated Hobbit: Jung, Tolkien and the Archetypes of Middle-earth is a study by Timothy R. O'Neill, a US Army officer who taught for many years at West Point. It was published in September 1979 by Houghton Mifflin in Boston, and by Thames and Hudson in London.
The book opens with a plain introduction to the ideas of Carl Jung, then reads Tolkien's stories in Jungian terms: Frodo's journey as the struggle toward individuation, Gandalf as the Wise Old Man, Gollum as the Shadow. O'Neill wrote it partly as an answer to Freudian readings of Tolkien, and it is still cited as a standard work on the subject.
A Jungian reading of Middle-earth, with Frodo's quest as a journey toward the self and Gollum as the Shadow.