MIDDLE-EARTH TIMELINE
In Perilous Realms: Celtic and Norse in Tolkien's Middle-earth, Marjorie Burns, professor of English at Portland State University, looks at how two traditions that Tolkien loved meet in his world. It was published by the University of Toronto Press in 2005.
Burns shows how rivers, gates and doorways mark the way into Elvish realms like Rivendell and Lothlórien, as in Celtic otherworld tales. She links Gandalf to Odin, Beorn to medieval literature and Galadriel to Celtic goddesses, and traces the influence of William Morris and his Icelandic travels on The Hobbit. The book was a finalist for the Mythopoeic Scholarship Award in 2007 and 2008.
How Celtic and Norse traditions meet in Middle-earth, from Gandalf as an Odin figure to the borders of the Elvish realms.